Spartacus (1960) – Eternal Classic

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Time to read :

Genre: Historical Epic / a doomed Slave Rebellion/ based on true story.

Platform: Amazon (Rent)

Time: 3 hours 17 minutes (original time; Amazon 3 hours 1 minute)

Director: Stanley Kubrick

Cast:  Kirk Douglas (Spartacus). Laurence Olivier (Crassus). Jean Simmons (Varinia). Charles Laughton (Gracchus). Peter Ustinov (Batiatus). Tony Curtis (Antoninus). John Dall (Marcus Publius Glabrus)

Plot: Sold as a slave, the ever rebellious Spartacus is bought from a rural salt mine owner by trader Batitutus and sold for gladiator combat where one gladiator fights another to death. Varinia is offered to him for his pleasure but he refuses. Soon they get attracted to each other. Spartacus is called into the gladiator ring to amuse Crassus, Marcus and their female companions. Spartacus’s opponent refused to kill him and instead tries to  kill Gracchus and is instead killed. Soon all the slaves being trained as gladiators revolt and march on Rome. None of them are educated . Antonius, Crassus’s slave also escapes and acts as the translator of documents. Spartacus defeats the Roman Army of Marcus who is released back to face Roman senators led by Grachus who wants to promote a new leader Julius Caesar. The war against the slaves is on …

Wikipedia has a fairly decent link on the overall story of Spartacus and his role in The Third Servile War aka The Gladiator war, which was the third and the last of the rebellions that threatened the Roman Empire. His role in the revolt, and how it all ended was later written by Plutarch based on accounts. Given these accounts were not immediate, there is surely some possible embellishment. This is what provides wonderful cinematic material: a charismatic leader, the thirst and hunger to be free than be a slave and finally a rebellion that is surely doomed.  Thousands of years later, Napoleon Bonaparte proved this, with his statement “God is on the side of the big battalions”.

The film has also many back stories that can itself provide material for another film, say, Spartacus rising – the making of Spartacus (or an equally mundane title). In the 2015 film Trumbo (played brilliantly by Bryan Cranston), there is a section where Kirk Douglas meets Dalton Trumbo and says that Trumbo will be credited for the screenplay. This was a huge risk given that the Cold War was turning colder, and the depredations of the McCarthy/ HUAC hearings were still being felt with “Reds under Beds” attitudes still prevalent everywhere. (Cinephiles know that Dalton Trumbo wrote the Oscar winning screenplay of A Roman Holiday where he was uncredited). Trumbo alluded to his internal beliefs and inner strength of characters in the scene where Crassus asks the slaves to give up Spartacus, so that their lives can be spared. Every slave shouts “I am Spartacus“. This was Trumbo’s middle finger to all the McCarthyists , saying that every decent person who was branded as a “Communist” was still a decent human being and wouldn’t inform on his fellow citizens whether they were Communist or not.

And then finally Kubrick. Given his background in photography, he and the cinematographer were soon at odds . More details are available at the wiki link https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus_(film)#Development

However the final result is simply STUNNING. This is one of those films that deserves to be seen ONLY ON THE BIG SCREEN. The original version was 174 minutes long = 2 hours 54 minutes long. The restored version which I saw at Regal was 3 hours and 17 minutes long , longer by 23 minutes and includes a scene between Laurence Olivier and Tony Curtis which ends with Olivier remarking that he likes both oysters and snails, a clear reference to the then (1950s and 1960s) taboo topic of sexuality and in this case bisexuality.

Douglas is suitably heroic and tragic in equal measures. In the initial scenes, he only acts with his eyes as slaves are forbidden to talk and that calls for some great emoting only with his eyes. Jean Simmons is luminous as his love interest. Olivier is brilliant as the arrogant, no nonsense Crassus who wants to crush the rebellion. But it is Peter Ustinov as the trader and Charles Laughton as the Roman Senator who steal everyone’s thunder with two equally laconic performances , with each matching sleaziness with the other. The slave trader is sleazy and will do anything for money which at times is “for the good” while the Senator is only concerned with advancing himself and his protégé, Julius Caesar, through sleazy politics. The other characters may appear a bit two dimensional but that cannot be helped. What else do you expect former slaves to do except to yearn for freedom and hate their former captors.

Lets also not forget the battle scenes. The film would be nothing without its incredibly staged battle scenes all done with ‘live’ extras.

It is simply stunning to see thousands of extras on both sides (by one count 10500+) – Roman Legionnaires and This was possible because the battles scenes were shot in Spain and the Spanish Army was used as extras for these scenes. (Spanish Armed Forces would figure in many 1960s war films such as Battle of the Bulge, Patton and most famously Battle of Britain as the Spanish Air Force still had operational WW2 vintage Me109 fighters and He111 bombers ). The rebellious former slaves and the Roman Legionnaires march to battle, get ready in battle formations and then finally clash. This is incredible epic film making in the style of The Ten Commandments , Ben Hur, Quo Vadis, etc.

In short this is an ETERNAL CLASSIC.

Historical background – 4 out of 5

Script – 5 out of 5

Story – 5 out of 5

Direction – 5 out of 5

Photography – 5 out of 5

 Total – 4.8 out of 5